Car Body Style
Automobiles' body styles are highly variable. Some body styles remain in production, while others become less common or obsolete. They may or may not correlate to a car's price, size or intended market classification. The same car model might be available in multiple body styles comprising a model range. Some distinctions, as with four-wheel drive vs. Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV) models or minivan vs Multi-Purpose vehicle (MPV) models, the distinction between body style and classification can be particularly narrow.
Last updated on 14 May 2014 at 16:52.
While body styles have historical and technical definitions, in common usage such definitions are broad and may be ambiguous. For example, one person may call a 4-passenger sport coupé a "sports car", while another may define a sports car strictly as a two-place vehicle.
Car Body Style in current use
Non-English terms
Some non-English language terms are familiar from their use on imported vehicles in English-speaking nations even though the terms have not been adopted into English.
Body Style
|
Description
|
Barchetta
|
Italian term for a roadster. The name means, roughly,
"small boat".
|
Berlina
|
Italian term for a sedan.
|
Berline
|
French term for a sedan.
|
Berlinetta
|
Italian term for a sport coupé.
|
Break
|
French term for a station wagon.
|
Camioneta
|
Brazilian Portuguese term for a station wagon (specially
in the state of Rio de Janeiro).
|
Carrinha
|
Portuguese term for a station wagon. Not used in Brazilian
Portuguese.
|
Espada
|
Portuguese nickname for a limousine (the same word for
Sword - long piece of metal). Not used in Brazilian Portuguese.
|
Furgoneta
|
Spanish and Polish term for a van, in the latter language
almost always used in its diminutive form furgonetka.
|
Furgão
|
Portuguese alternative term (less used) for a van. Used in
Brazilian Portuguese, most often for vans but sometimes for panel van
variants of passenger cars.
|
Giardinetta
|
Italian term for a station wagon (not in common usage).
|
Jeep
|
Polish (not official), Ukrainian, Russian, Bulgarian,
German, Portuguese, Hebrew and Greek term for a sport utility vehicle.
Originally from the English-language jeep, of which the name's origins can be
researched on the Jeep page
|
Kombi
|
is a German abbreviation of "Kombinationswagen"
(Combination Car) and it is German name for station wagon. Since Germany is a
major producer of cars for many European countries, the term Kombi in this
meaning is also used in Swedish, Czech, Slovak, Polish, Slovenian, Serbian,
Bosnian, Croatian, Hungarian, Spanish, Portuguese, Bulgarian. In Afrikaans
and in Australia, Kombi is also used to refer to a Volkswagen Microbus. In
Brazil the word specifically refers to the VW Microbus.
|
Minibus
|
Danish term for Minivan.
|
Perua
|
Brazilian Portuguese term either designating a van
(especially as spoken in the city of São Paulo) or a station wagon (in the
city of Rio de Janeiro).
|
Stationcar
|
Danish term for station wagon.
|
Turismo
|
Spanish term for a sedan. Literally means tourism, used
mostly in Latin American countries.
|
Alternative names
Car manufacturers sometimes invent names for the body styles of their cars for the purpose of differentiating themselves from other manufacturers. These names are often, but not always, adaptations of other words and terms. The body styles themselves correlate closely to those listed above.
Body style
|
Description
|
Aerodeck
|
Name used by Honda
in the 1990s for its station
wagon/estate models.
|
Avant
|
A name used by German
maker Audi for their station
wagon/estate car models.
|
Bakkie
|
A generic South
African term for light pickup truck.
|
Break
|
A term used by Peugeot and Citroen to describe estates
|
El Camino
|
(Spanish) In
English: "the road". A trademark of Chevrolet, the 1959 El
Camino was a half-car (front) and half-truck (back) with low walls
surrounding the bed. In other words, it used the coupé utility body style.
Since the term coupé utility (nor ute) is not commonly used in North American dialects, El Camino is used by some Americans
and Canadians as a generic term for any passenger car with an integral cargo
bed. While the 1957 Ford Ranchero
with similar body style debuted before the El Camino, it did not have the success of its Chevrolet counterpart.
|
Caravan/Sport Tourer
|
Used by Opel
for its station wagon/estate car models.
|
Combi
|
Used by Škoda
for its station wagon/estate car models.
|
Combi coupé
|
A name used by Saab
for a cross between a saloon and an estate car, essentially a hatchback. Saab
changed the model name to "SportCombi" (also
"Sport-Hatch" or "SportWagon" in some markets) from model
year 2005.
|
Corniche
|
Sometimes used to describe a luxury sedan or town car.
Actually a trade mark of Rolls-Royce.
|
Coupé Roadster
|
The Mercedes-Benz
name for their convertibles with a removable hardtop.
|
Crosswagon
|
Used by Alfa Romeo
for the "All-Terrain" version of its 156 Sportwagon.
|
Fordor and Tudor
|
These names were coined by Ford Motor Company and introduced together with the Model A in 1928. to describe four-door and two-door bodystyles respectively.
These terms were used until WWII
and sporadically into the 1960s.
|
Flower Car
|
in US, similar
to ute in Australia, i.e. generic
for Chevy El Camino, Ford Ranchero, GMC Sprint/Diablo, etc.
|
Grandtour
|
Used by Renault
and Dacia for its station
wagon/estate car models.
|
Hardtop Convertible
|
A retractable hardtop, e.g., the 1958 Ford Skyliner or Peugeot's
décapotable électrique of 1934.
|
Hardtop Hatchback
|
This name is used by BMW
for their Mini.
|
HPE
|
Short for High Performance Estate, a name used by Lancia for a station wagon version of
their Beta model. Resurrected for
the three-door hatch version of the Lancia
Delta Mk II.
|
Kammback
|
Originally, a car with a tapered rear that cuts off
abruptly, after that shape's inventor Wunibald
Kamm, commonly seen especially on sports cars. However, this usage is
rare nowadays. In North America
during the 1970s this style was
used in the Chevrolet Vega wagon
and AMC Hornet wagon, and so many
think of it as another word for "station wagon" or
"hatchback" respectively even though it refers to the very specific
aerodynamic design of the back of the car. This style is seeing resurgence on
modern vehicles (2004 Toyota Prius
and Honda Insight) in the
interests of gasoline economy.
|
MCV (Multi convivial vehicle)
|
Term used by Romanian
carmaker Dacia to refer to the
estate version of their model Logan.
|
Nevada
|
Popular station wagon/estate version of the Renault 21, so much that people
dropped the 21 when referring to it.
|
Notchback
|
Originally, a sedan or possibly a coupe with a backlight
(rear window) which slanted backward, so that the top of the roof extended
further backward than the bottom of the window. Some types of the 1958 Lincoln had this, as well as
some of Ford's British cars.
Later, it became used for sedans or coupes which are not fastbacks, including
many hatchbacks.
|
Panorama
|
Used by Fiat
for station wagons during the late 1970s
and early 1980s, notably the 127, 128 and 131. Replaced
by the Weekend designation in the mid-1980s,
but kept for passenger versions of light commercial vehicles.
|
Pillared Hardtop
|
This name was used by Ford
in the 1970s to describe its
bodies which had frameless door glass like a hardtop, but retained a center
pillar like a sedan. The 1972-1976
Torino sedans and wagons were of this type, as were the 1975-1979 Lincoln Town Cars. When GM introduced a similar style on
their intermediates for 1973-1977,
they called the two-door Colonnade Hardtop Coupe and the four-doors, in a
triumph of ad agency gibberish, Colonnade Hardtop Sedan. The 1976 Buick Century sedan used this configuration. Before Ford introduced its "Pillared
Hardtops" in the early seventies, GM
had the same body style available on its "C" body cars (Buick Electra 225, Oldsmobile 98 and Cadillac’s) from 1965-1970. GM called
them "semi-thin pillar sedans" as they had a slightly larger center
pillars than other GM sedans (that
were called "thin pillar sedans") but they had no window frames
like the "thin pillar sedans" had. Chrysler's 1979-1981
R-body sedans were marketed as pillared hardtops as they had frameless
windows with a thin center pillar between them.
|
Praire
|
A high roofed station wagon, after the Nissan model of the same name.
|
Roomster
|
Name of a high roofed station wagon by Škoda.
|
Sport Activity Coupé (SAC)
|
This name is used by BMW
for their X5-based X6, which is called so because
although it's an SUV, the X6 has
the styling, ride height, and seating capacity of a typical coupé.
|
Sport Activity Vehicle (SAV)
|
This name is used by BMW
for their sport utility vehicle models. It was first used on the X5 and later on the X3.
|
Sport Sedan or Sports Sedan
|
is how General
Motors calls its models by Saab
automobile.
|
Sportshatch
|
This term, which has been used by GM for several European models, has been applied to a number of
body styles: A sporty liftback or hatchback and a sporty variant of a 2-door
estate car (e.g. Vauxhall Magnum
Sportshatch).
|
Sportwagon
|
A term used by Alfa
Romeo to describe estates. Originally written Sport Wagon (e.g. 33 Sport Wagon) it was change into
Sportwagon with the launching of the 156
Sportwagon.
|
Sport Wagon
|
A term used by a number of manufacturers in the North American market for their
station wagon models, an example of the Sports Wagon would be the 1960s Buick Sport Wagon and the current Dodge Magnum. Auto manufacturers in recent years perceive a
stigma attached to the term 'station wagon', and attempt to make these models
sound more exciting.
|
ST
|
A term recently used by SEAT to describe (Sports Tourer).
|
SW
|
A term used by Peugeot
to describe estates (e.g. Peugeot 407
SW) The SW models of Peugeot
(without 206 SW) is station wagons with glass panoramic roof. There are also
BREAK versions, which are station wagons without a glass roof. Also used by Volkswagen in the most recent
generations of the Golf and Passat station wagon/estate.
|
Tourer
|
Used by Rover
for its station wagon/estate car models. Also used by Honda for its station wagon/estate variant of the Accord in Europe.
|
Touring
|
Used by BMW in
Europe for its station wagon/estate car models. In North America,
"Sports Wagon" is used instead.
|
T-Modell
|
Used by Mercedes-Benz
for its station wagon/estate car models.
|
Travel All
|
Used by International
Harvester for their light truck based vans
|
Traveler
|
Used by International
Harvester for their Scout II-based
LWB station wagon
|
Traveller
|
Name applied to Morris's
estate versions, including the Minor and the Mini-Minor. Later co-opted by Nissan and used for estate versions
of the Sunny and Primera in Europe.
|
Turnier
|
Used by Ford in
Europe for its station wagon/estate car models. Alternatively called Clipper
in some markets.
|
Variant
|
Used by Volkswagen
for its station wagon/estate car models.
|
Vario
|
Used by SEAT
for its station wagon/estate car models.
|
Verso
|
Used by Toyota
for MPV versions of the Yaris/Vitz,
Corolla and Avensis.
|
Volante
|
Used by Aston
Martin for convertibles.
|
Weekend
|
Used by Fiat
for station wagons since the 1980s,
including the Regata, Tempra and Marea, as well as the small Brazilian-built world car estates Duna and Palio.
|
Last updated on 14 May 2014 at 16:52.
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